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Frozen shoulder involves progressive inflammation and thickening of the joint capsule, which restricts movement and causes pain — especially at night and with overhead reaching. A 2020 systematic review and meta-analysis published in Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine found acupuncture was effective at reducing pain and improving shoulder flexion in frozen shoulder patients. Treatment typically targets both the shoulder joint directly and the surrounding musculature to help relieve the tension contributing to restricted motion.